Improvement in apparatus for extracting oil from vegetable and other matters



E. S. HUTCHINSON. eets- Sheet1.

Improvement in Apparatus for Extracting Oil from Vegetable Matters.

Patented April 30,1872.

Witnesses.

g f m inventor. 4; AMMW 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 E. S. H UTCHINSON. Improvementin Apparatus for Extracting Oil from Vegetable Matters.

Patented AprH 30,1872.

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ELIAS SMITH HUTGHINSON, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS FOR EXTR'ACTING 0lL FROM VEGETABLE AND OTHERMATTERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 126,300, dated April30, 1872.

Specification of an apparatus for the extraction of oil, fat, or resinfrom vegetable or other solid matter by chemical agency, and therecovery of the chemical employed, invented by ELIAS SMITH HUTOHINSON,of Baltimore, State of Maryland.

Object.

The object of my invention is to furnish apparatus by the use of whichoil, fat, or resin may be extracted and removed from large quantities ofsolid matter in a more economical and expeditious manner than hasheretofore been done.

Operation.

The plan of operation is to conduct a quantity of solid mattercontaining oil, fat, or resin through a receptacle in which is placedbisulphide of carbon or other liquid chemical solvent or absorbent ofoil, fat, or resin. The solid matter and the combined liquids are thenconveyed to suitable separators for the removal and recovery of thechemical without interrupting the continuity of the treatment.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure l is a longitudinal section of anapparatus illustrating my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of thesame on the line ac m, Fig. 1.

This apparatus is constructed with two screw-conveyers for conveyingground decorticated or pulverized solid matter, (as decorticatedoleaginous seeds and the meal of oilbea-ring cereals,) the conveyorsbeing inclosed in cylindrical tubes. The longer cylinder containin g thelonger screw is placed at a slight angle with the horizontal plane, andthe shorter one at an angle of about forty-five degrees. Eachscrew-conveyer is driven by suitable machinery. The solid matter to betreated is admitted at the spout A, and is conveyed along by the screwH, until it meets the screw 1, and is by that conveyed to thedischargespout B, which is placed at a short distance above the end ofthe screw, so as to cause the solid matter to fill the cylinder and forma close packing as the screw revolves. The two cylinders being full ofthe solid matter, the liquid solvent is admitted through the inletpipe0, and, flowing along, comes in contact with and interpenetrates thesolid, uniting with the oil, fat, or resin it contains, and flows may bedischarged into any suitable apparatus for the purpose of evaporatingand afterward recovering by condensation any portion of the chemical yetremaining in union with it, and discharging the dried solid from theapparatus without escape of the solvent in a state of va- -por orotherwise. Several plans for doing this are shown in my Letters Patent N0. 112,349.

I prefer to use, in this connection, a form of drier, which I have nowrepresented, consisting of cylindrical tubes and screw-conveyers P P Pand R, inclosed in a tank, N, which may be filled with water up to theoutlet 0, which water is heated with the steam-pipe Q. The solid matter,being discharged from the draining-cylinder I at the spout B, asexplained, is conveyed through the heated cylinders P P P into thecylinder R, which, standing at an angle, as shown, elevates the meal,and discharges at the spout M. The cylinders P P P are provided withoutlets V V V, connecting with the condenser Y in the tank Z, which issupplied with cold water. The liquid solvent saturating the solidmatter, when the latter is discharged at the spout B, as hereinbeforeexplained, becomes vaporized in its passage through the heated cylindersP P P, escapes through the outlets V V V into the condenser Y, where itis condensed, and is collected in the receiver S for reuse. There may beseveral treating and draining cylinders connected with a single dryingapparatus.

The whole operation of removing the oil and separating the solvent fromthe solid matter may thus be continuous or it may be intermittent; orthe mechanical contrivances used for treating and. conveying may be soarranged as to be assisted by the gravity of the solid. The treating orextracting of the oil may also be accomplished by first introducing theliquid instead of the solid into the cylinder H. The mixture of oil,fat, or resin and chemical solvent discharged at D, as shown, isconducted into a suitable separator or still with condensers attached,by which the solvent is evaporated, and the oil, fat, or resin, and alsothe solvent, are recovered each in a pure state, methods of doing whichare shown in my Letters Patent No. 112,350. I prefer to use, in thisconnection, the form of a separator of oil from chemical solvent shownin Fig. 1, which consists of the cylindrical tubes K K, placed in thetank N, filled with water up to the overflow O, which is heated by thesteam-pipe Q. The chemical solvent combined with oil, fat, or resinwhich has been discharged at D, as hereinbefore explained, flows intoand through the heated cylinders K K. The solvent becomes vaporized, andescapes at outlets V V into the condenser Y in the tank Z, (which issupplied with cold water,) where it is condensed and collected in thereceiver S for reuse. The oil, fat, or resin thus freed from thechemical, flows out at D. A jet of free steam may be introduced throughthe branch steam-pipe q, near the outlet D", for the purpose ofexpelling from the oil, fat, or resin any remaining traces of thesolvent.

A modification of the apparatus above described having belts or chains,or other suitable carrying appliances, instead of screwconveyers, may beused for removing oil, fat, or resin from wool, cotton waste, or othersolid matter not in a state of pulverization.

I do not limit my invention to any particular form of mechanicalconstruction, but have herein presented plans which I prefer, havingexperimented with various forms and arrangements of apparatus.

Claims.

What I claim as my invention is 1. In the process of extracting oil,fat, or resin from vegetable or other solid matter by treatment withbi-snlphide of carbon or other suitable liquid chemical solvent orabsorbent of oil, fat, or resin, an apparatus adapted, substantially asset forth, to allow the solid matter, after being deprived of its oil,fat, or resin, to be removed from the treating-vessel withoutdischarging the main body of the liquid contents of the vessel.

2. An apparatus for extracting oil, fat, or resin from vegetable orother solid matter,

adapted to subject the solid matter while in motion to the action of aliquid chemical solvent flowing in the opposite direction, or in thesame, or a transverse direction, essentially as hereinbefore set forth.

3. An apparatus constructed with an inletspout and a discharge-orificefor the solid matter, an inlet for the liquid solvent, and an outlet forthe combined solvent and oil, fat, or resin, in combination withmechanical contrivances for moving the solid matter during treatment anddraining, substantially as described.

4. An apparatus whereby the process of removing oil, fat, or resin fromsolid matter may be continuous or non-intermittent in its operation,essentially as hereinbefore described.

5. An apparatus for removing oil, fat, or resin from vegetable or othersolid matter by flowing bisnlphide of carbon laterally through it,substantially as described.

6. An apparatus, substantially as described,

for the accelerated draining of liquid chemical solvent or mixture ofsuch solvent with oil, fat, or resin from vegetable or other solidmatter, after such solid matter has been treated, by means of anelevating-screw or otherwise, without breaking the connection of suchscrew or other contrivance for draining with the apparatus used fortreating and that used for drying the solid, and without interruptingthe continuity of those processes.

7. An apparatus for treating and draining, substantially as hereinbeforedescribed, operated continuously in combination with a drier orseparator of the chemical from the solid matter, operated continuously,as hereinbefore mentioned, and with an apparatus for separatin g thechemical from the oil, fat, or resin, also operated continuously andwith condensers for the continuous recovery of the chemical solventemployed, so as to make the entire process of extracting oil, fat, orresin from solid matter by chemical agency, and recovering the solidmatter, the oil, fat, or resin, and the chemical agent each separate, acontinuous or non-intermittent process.

ELIAS SMITH HUTCHINSON.

Witnesses DANIEL W. RIDDLE, M. D. MERCER.

